RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Sex- and Gender-Based Pharmacological Response to Drugs JF Pharmacological Reviews JO Pharmacol Rev FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics SP 730 OP 762 DO 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000206 VO 73 IS 2 A1 Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck A1 Berthold, Heiner K. A1 Campesi, Ilaria A1 Carrero, Juan-Jesus A1 Dhakal, Santosh A1 Franconi, Flavia A1 Gouni-Berthold, Ioanna A1 Heiman, Mark L. A1 Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra A1 Klein, Sabra L. A1 Murphy, Anne A1 Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera A1 Reue, Karen A1 Rubin, Joshua B. A2 Barker, Eric YR 2021 UL http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/73/2/730.abstract AB In humans, the combination of all sex-specific genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal influences of biologic sex produces different in vivo environments for male and female cells. We dissect how these influences of sex modify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple drugs and provide examples for common drugs acting on specific organ systems. We also discuss how gender of physicians and patients may influence the therapeutic response to drugs. We aim to highlight sex as a genetic modifier of the pharmacological response to drugs, which should be considered as a necessary step toward precision medicine that will benefit men and women.Significance Statement This study discusses the influences of biologic sex on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs and provides examples for common drugs acting on specific organ systems. This study also discusses how gender of physicians and patients influence the therapeutic response to drugs.