G protein effectors regulated by G protein βγ subunits
| Effector | G protein type | Effect of G protein βγ subunits |
|---|---|---|
| Ion channels | ||
| Inwardly-rectifying K+ channels | ||
| Cardiac KAChchannels1-a | PTX-sensitive | Stimulation |
| Other KGchannels1-b | PTX-sensitive | Stimulation |
| Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels | ||
| N-type | PTX-sensitive | Inhibition |
| L-type | PTX-sensitive | Inhibition |
| Enzymes | ||
| Adenylyl cyclase | ||
| Type I | Inhibition (when activated by GSα) | |
| Type II | Stimulation (synergistically with GSα) | |
| Type IV | Stimulation (synergistically with GSα) | |
| Phospholipase C-β1-3 | PTX-insensitive | Stimulation |
| Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase | PTX-sensitive | Stimulation |
| G protein-coupled receptor kinase | Facilitation of membrane translocation | |
| Phospholipase A2 | PTX-sensitive | Stimulation |
| MAP kinase (ras-dependent pathway) | Stimulation | |
| Unidentified signal transduction pathway | ||
| Pheromon-induced mating (yeast) | Stimulation | |
| Oocytes maturation (starfish) | Stimulation |