Localization and relative abundance of PACAP receptor mRNAs in rat peripheral tissues
| Structures | PAC1-R | VPAC1-R | VPAC2-R | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peripheral nervous system | ||||
| Superior cervical ganglia | ++/+++ | − | − | Nogi et al., 1997b; Braas and May, 1999 |
| Cardiac ganglia | + | Braas et al., 1998 | ||
| Eye | ||||
| Retina | + | + | + | D'Agata and Cavallaro, 1998 |
| Ganglion cells | ++ | Seki et al., 1997 | ||
| Endocrine glands | ||||
| Anterior pituitary | ++/+++ | −/+ | +/++ | Lutz et al., 1993; Usdin et al., 1994; Rawlings et al., 1995; Vertongen et al., 1995b; Hashimoto et al., 1996a; Shioda et al., 1997a |
| GH cells | + | − | − | Vertongen et al., 1995b |
| PRL cells | ++ | − | + | Vertongen et al., 1995b |
| Intermediate lobe of the pituitary | −/+ | + | Usdin et al., 1994; Hashimoto et al., 1996a; Shioda et al., 1997a | |
| Posterior pituitary | −/+ | Hashimoto et al., 1996a; René et al., 1996; Shioda et al., 1997a | ||
| Adrenal gland | ++ | Hashimoto et al., 1993 | ||
| Cortex | − | + | ++ | Usdin et al., 1994; Nogi et al., 1997a |
| Medulla-Chromaffin cells | ++ | ++ | + | Usdin et al., 1994; Moller and Sundler, 1996; Nogi et al., 1997a |
| Pancreas | + | ++ | + | Filipsson et al., 1998b; Tamakawa et al., 1998 |
| Pancreatic beta islets | ++ | − | ++ | Usdin et al., 1994; Chatterjee et al., 1996; Filipson et al., 1998a |
| Liver | + | + | + | Hosoya et al., 1993; Usdin et al., 1994 |
| Gonads | ||||
| Testis | + | ++ | Usdin et al., 1994 | |
| Early germ cells | − | − | ++ | Usdin et al., 1994;Krempels et al., 1995 |
| Seminiferous tubules | + | Krempels et al., 1995 | ||
| Ovary | ||||
| Granulosa and cumulus cells | + | − | +/++ | Usdin et al., 1994; Scaldaferri et al., 1996; Shioda et al., 1996; Kotani et al., 1998; Park et al., 2000 |
| Corpus luteum | + | Kotani et al., 1997 | ||
| Urinary tract | ||||
| Kidney | + | + | Usdin et al., 1994 | |
| Respiratory tract | ||||
| Lung | + | ++ | + | Ishihara et al., 1992; Hosoya et al., 1993; Usdin et al., 1994; Chatterjee et al., 1996; Pei, 1998 |
| Tracheo-bronchial wall | + | + | Ishihara et al., 1992; Sreedharan et al., 1993; Usdin et al., 1994 | |
| Digestive system | ||||
| Intestine | ++ | Ishihara et al., 1992; Usdin et al., 1994 | ||
| Stomach | − | + | Usdin et al., 1994; Teng et al., 1998 | |
| Gastric enterochromaffin-like cells | + | Zeng et al., 1999 | ||
| Lymphoid tissues | ||||
| Spleen | − | +/++ | Usdin et al., 1994 | |
| Thymus | ++ | + | Usdin et al., 1994 | |
| Macrophages | + | Pozo et al., 1997 | ||
| Lymphocytes | − | + | + | Waschek et al., 1995a; Delgado et al., 1996c,d; Ganea 1996; Johnson et al., 1996 |
The symbols provide a semi-quantitative evaluation of the density of PACAP receptor mRNAs. +++, high density; ++, moderate density; +, low density; −, no hybridization signal.