Effects of PACAP on pituitary cells
| Cell type | Second Messenger Coupling | Hormone Release and/or mRNA Expression | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gonadotrope cells | ↑ cAMP, ↑ IP turnover, ↑ [Ca2+]i,↑ NOS 1 | ↑/→ LH release,↑/→ FSH release, ↑ LH mRNA, → FSH mRNA | Miyata et al., 1989; Culler and Paschall, 1991; Canny et al., 1992; Gracia-Navarro et al., 1992; Leonhardt et al., 1992; Perrin et al., 1993; Rawlings et al., 1993; Hashizume et al., 1994; Garrel et al., 2002 |
| Somatotrope cells | ↑ cAMP, ↑ [Ca2+]i | ↑/→ GH release | Miyata et al., 1989; Canny et al., 1992; Goth et al., 1992; Gracia-Navarro et al., 1992; Hart et al., 1992; Jarry et al., 1992; Leonhardt et al., 1992; Nagy et al., 1993; Rawlings et al., 1993; Wei et al., 1993; Yada et al., 1993; Hashizume et al., 1994; Velkeniers et al., 1994; Rousseau et al., 1999; Wong et al., 2005; Scanes et al., 2007 |
| Lactotrope cells | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ↑/↓/→ PRL release, ↑/→ PRL mRNA | Miyata et al., 1989; Gracia-Navarro et al., 1992; Hart et al., 1992; Jarry et al., 1992; Leonhardt et al., 1992; Nagy et al., 1993; Arbogast and Voogt, 1994; Hashizume et al., 1994; Velkeniers et al., 1994; Yamauchi et al., 1995; Matsuda et al., 2008 |
| Corticotrope cells | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ↑/→ ACTH release | Miyata et al., 1989; Culler and Paschall, 1991; Canny et al., 1992; Gracia-Navarro et al., 1992; Koch and Lutz-Bucher, 1993 |
| Thyrotrope cells | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ↑/→ TSH release | Miyata et al., 1989; Canny et al., 1992; Gracia-Navarro et al., 1992; Hart et al., 1992; Okada et al., 2007 |
| Folliculostellate cells | ↑ cAMP, ↑ [Ca2+]i | ↑ IL–6 release | Miyata et al., 1989; Tatsuno et al., 1991c; Yada et al., 1993; Bilezikjian et al., 2003 |
| Fibroblasts | ↑ cAMP | Koch and Lutz-Bucher, 1992b | |
| Melanotrope cells | ↑ cAMP | ↑ BDNF release, ↑ α–MSH release | Koch and Lutz-Bucher, 1992b; Kidane et al., 2007, 2008 |
↑, stimulatory effect; ↓, inhibitory effect; →, no effect; ACTH, adrenocorticotropin; NOS, nitric-oxide synthase.