Selected effects mediated by adenosine via the four adenosine receptors
For this table we have predominantly used data from genetically modified organisms.
| Receptor | Effect | Physiology/Pathophysiology | Evidence for Adaptation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Decreased renal blood flow, Tubuloglomerular feedback | Phys | No | Brown et al., 2001; Sun et al., 2001 |
| Inhibition of lipolysis | Phys | No | Johansson et al., 2008 | |
| Vasoconstriction | ? | ? | Tawfik et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2010 | |
| Inhibition of neurotransmitter release | Extreme phys | No? | Johansson et al., 2001 | |
| Inhibition of insulin/glucagon release | Phys | No | Johansson et al., 2007a | |
| Reduced heart rate | Phys | No? | Yang et al., 2007 | |
| Osteoclast activation, bone resorption | Phys? | No? | Kara et al., 2010a,b | |
| Sleep | Phys | Yes | Stenberg et al., 2003; Oishi et al., 2008 | |
| Goldman et al. 2010 | ||||
| Acupuncture | Extreme phys? | ? | ||
| Prevention of epilepsy | Path | ? | Fedele et al. 2006; Li et al. 2007; Kochanek et al 2006 | |
| Hua et al., 2007a | ||||
| Bronchoconstriction | Path | ? | ||
| Analgesia | Extreme phys | No | Johansson et al., 2001; Wu et al., 2005 | |
| Preconditioning | Path | No | Schulte et al., 2004; Lankford et al., 2006 | |
| Wendler et al. 2007 | ||||
| Tolerance to hypoxia | Path | No? | ||
| A2A | Wakefulness, locomotion | Phys | No | Ledent et al., 1997; El Yacoubi et al., 2000; Chen et al., 2000; Huang et al., 2005 |
| Neurodegeneration (including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease) | Path | No | Chen et al., 1999, 2001b, 2007 | |
| Immunosuppression | Extreme/Path | No? | Ohta and Sitkovsky, 2001; Lappas et al., 2005; Ohta et al., 2007 | |
| Vasodilatation/hypotension | Phys/Extreme | No? | Ledent et al., 1997 | |
| Coronary vasodilatation | Phys/Extreme | Yes? | Morrison et al., 2002 | |
| Inhibition of platelet aggregation | Extreme | No? | Ledent et al., 1997 | |
| Angiogenesis | Extreme | No? | Montesinos et al., 2002 | |
| A2B | Vascular integrity | Phys/Extreme | No | Yang et al., 2006, 2008 |
| Preconditioning | Extreme | No | Eckle et al., 2007 | |
| A3 | Increased mast cell activation | Extreme/Path | No? | Salvatore et al., 2000; Tilley et al., 2000 |
| Airway contraction | Path | No? | Hua et al., 2008 | |
| Inflammatory pain | Extreme/Path | No? | Wu et al., 2002 | |
| White cell chemotaxis | Extreme/Path | No? | Chen et al., 2006 |