TABLE 5

Disorders in which targeting mGlu receptors may be beneficial

Disorder/pathological condition	Desired Effect	Potential Targets	References
Constipation	Increase in fecal water content	mGlu7 activation	Julio-Pieper et al., 2010
Constipation	Increase in colonic motility	mGlu8 activation	Tong and Kirchgessner, 2003
Diabetes	Reduction of glucagon production	mGlu4 activation	Uehara et al., 2004
Duodenal ulcer	Increase in pH, mucus gel thickness	mGlu1, mGlu5 and mGlu4 activation	Akiba et al., 2009
Medulloblastoma	Reduction in cell proliferation	mGlu4 activation	Iacovelli et al., 2006
Osteoporosis	Decrease in bone resorption	mGlu8 activation	Morimoto et al., 2006
Brain glioma	Reduction in cell proliferation	mGlu2/3 inhibition	D'Onofrio et al., 2003
Colorectal carcinoma	Decrease in cell survival and invasiveness	mGlu4 inhibition	Chang et al., 2005
Colorectal carcinoma	Improved response to other chemotherapies	mGlu4 inhibition	Yoo et al., 2004
Diabetes (type II)	Reduction of insulinemia	mGlu5 inhibition	Storto et al., 2006
Drug induced liver damage	Decrease in necrosis and production of ROS	mGlu5 inhibition	Storto et al., 2003
Gastroesophageal reflux^{^a}	Decrease in frequency and intensity of reflux episodes	mGlu5 inhibition	Frisby et al., 2005; Keywood et al., 2009
Hypoxia induced liver damage	Decrease in cell damage and death	mGlu5 inhibition	Storto et al., 2004
Melanoma	Reduction in cell proliferation	mGlu1 inhibition	Shin et al., 2008
Oral squamous cell carcinoma	Decrease in cell migration and invasiveness	mGlu5 inhibition	Park et al., 2007
Pruritus	Prevention or treatment of itching	mGlu1 inhibition	Gasparini and Spooren, 2007
Sepsis	Decrease in proinflammatory cytokines	mGlu1 inhibition	Pacheco et al., 2006

↵a In phase I clinical trial.