Interactions between caffeine and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)
Data according to Czuczwar et al. (1990), Wlaz et al. (1992), Gasior et al. (1996, 1998), Vaz et al. (1998), Zuchora et al. (2005), Luszczki et al. (2006), Jankiewicz et al. (2007), Chrościńska-Krawczyk et al. (2009, 2016), Walzer et al. (2012).
| Anticonvulsant | Species | Type of Interaction |
|---|---|---|
| Classic AEDs | ||
| Carbamazepine | Rats, mice | Acute and chronic caffeine dose-dependently decrease efficacy |
| Carbamazepine | Humans | Increases half-life by twofold; decreases bioavailability by 32% |
| Clobazam | Humans | No significant action on clobazam pharmacokinetics |
| No interactions between clobazam and valproate or lamotrigine | ||
| Clonazepam | Rats | No significant effect |
| Diazepam | Mice | Decrease in efficacy |
| Diphenylhydantoin | Mice | Decrease in efficacy |
| Ethosuximide | Rats | Decrease in efficacy |
| Phenobarbital | Rats | No significant effect |
| Mice | Decrease in efficacy | |
| Phenytoin | Mice | Decrease in efficacy |
| Valproate | Rats | No significant effect |
| Mice | Decrease in efficacy | |
| Second generation AEDs | ||
| Felbamate | Mice | No significant effect, decreased efficacy only at very high doses (100–160 mg/kg caffeine) |
| Gabapentin | Mice | Decrease in efficacy |
| Lamotrigine | Mice | No significant interaction |
| Oxcarbazepine | Mice | No significant interaction |
| Tiagabine | Mice | No significant interaction |
| Topiramate | Mice | Decrease in efficacy |