TABLE 5

Species variation in TAAR isoforms

Some of the studies used incompletely characterized or draft genomes resulting in markedly lower TAAR numbers identified than in studies using more rigorous protocols.

Species	Functional TAAR	Pseudogenes	Incompletely Characterized	Chromosomal/Scaffold Location	References
Euarchontoglires
Human	6	3		Chromosome 6q23.1	Lindemann et al. (2005), Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hussain et al. (2009), Vallender et al. (2010), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	6	2
	5	3
	7	Not reported
	5	Not reported
Chimpanzee	3	6	1 (TAAR7 not reported)	Chromosome 5	Lindemann et al. (2005), Vallender et al. (2010)
	3	5
Orangutan	3	5	1 (TAAR7 not reported)		Vallender et al. (2010)
Rhesus macaque	6	2	1 (TAAR7 not reported)		Vallender et al. (2010)
Squirrel monkey	4	1	1 (TAAR7 not reported)		Vallender et al. (2010)
Common marmoset	3	5	1 (TAAR7 not reported)		Vallender et al. (2010)
	2	5
Cottontop tamarin	3	0	1 (TAAR7 not reported)		Vallender et al. (2010)
House mouse	15	1		Chromosome 10A4	Lindemann et al. (2005), Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hussain et al. (2009), Vallender et al. (2010), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	15	Not reported
Norway rat	17	2		Chromosome 1p12	Lindemann et al. (2005), Hussain et al. (2009), Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016)
	17	1
Laurasiatheria
Bottlenose dolphin	0	3		Scaffold_23789.1-1595, scaffold_105514.1-521399	Eyun et al. (2016)
Common shrew	9	3	1	Scaffold_152798.1-16186, scaffold_230199.1-67322, scaffold_230199.1-67323, scaffold_230199.1-67324, scaffold_234999.1-41078, scaffold_227500.1-50167, scaffold_227500.1-50168, scaffold_231179.1-93586, scaffold_231179.1-93587, scaffold_231179.1-93588, scaffold_167158.1-10409, scaffold_161956.1-9068, scaffold_193904.1-13319	Eyun et al. (2016)
Cow	21	8		Chromosome 9	Hussain et al. (2009), Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	19	0		ChrUn004.451
	13	0		ChrUn004.351
	4	Not reported
Horse	11	0		Scaffold_12.50000001-55000000 to scaffold_12.50000001-55000014	Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016)
	11	4
Pig	9	0			Vallender et al. (2010)
Dog	2	2		Chromosome 1 and chromosome Un	Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016)
Hedgehog	6	4	2	Scaffold_315330.1-30722, scaffold_322681.1-22522, scaffold_287976.1-9947, scaffold_332111.1-9337, scaffold_325288.1-13778, scaffold_364605.1-21850, scaffold_321546.1-13098, scaffold_184140.1-8575, scaffold_302268.1-8721, scaffold_183615.1-1222	Eyun et al. (2016)
Little brown bat	6	1		Scaffold_130715.1-10777, scaffold_130715.1-10778, scaffold_140852.1-155364, scaffold_140852.1-155365, scaffold_140852.1-155366, scaffold_140852.1-155367, scaffold_220.1-46453	Eyun et al. (2016)
Malayan flying fox	26	10		Scaffold_12831.1-39811, scaffold_12831.1-39812, scaffold_12831.1-39813, scaffold_12831.1-39814, scaffold_17466.1-19369, scaffold_17466.1-19370, scaffold_18837.1-16342, scaffold_18837.1-16343, scaffold_18973.1-15890, scaffold_19339.1-14625, scaffold_19339.1-14626, scaffold19375.1-14563, scaffold_19997.1-13482, scaffold_19997.1-13483, scaffold_20227.1-12945, scaffold_20465.1-15670, scaffold_20465.1-15671, scaffold_22299.1-9969, scaffold_24703.1-7136, scaffold_25351.1-11297, scaffold_25351.1-11298, scaffold_26592.1-7418, scaffold_29671.1-4951, scaffold_34747.1-4153, scaffold_35764.1-2782, scaffold_36915.1-2635, scaffold_38546.1-2466, scaffold_44184.1-2021, scaffold_8480.1-69282, scaffold_8480.1-69283, scaffold_8480.1-69284, scaffold_8949.1-64714, scaffold_8949.1-64715, scaffold_8949.1-64716, scaffold_8949.1-64717, scaffold_8949.1-64718	Eyun et al. (2016)
Afrotheria
African elephant	9	3	3	Scaffold_7842.1-91204, scaffold_7842.1-91205, scaffold_7842.1-91206, scaffold_7842.1-91207, scaffold_0.25000001-30000000, scaffold_7842.1-91209, scaffold_23946.1-26436, scaffold_23946.1-26437, scaffold_23946.1-26438, scaffold_3583.1-140411, scaffold_3583.1-140412, scaffold_3583.1-140413, scaffold_19337.1-58480, scaffold_19337.1-58481, scaffold_79621.1-6335	Eyun et al. (2016)
Lesser hedgehog tenec	9	7	1	Scaffold_96430.1-8246, scaffold_161156.1-8572, scaffold_231756.1-18732, scaffold_198886.1-11295, scaffold_167756.1-3881, scaffold_167122.1-3947, scaffold_256442.1-4595, scaffold_262922.1-7019, scaffold_229023.1-10280, scaffold_228176.1-10370, scaffold_10127.1-6004, scaffold_232273.1-5125, scaffold_47746.1-4410, scaffold_250749.1-11800, scaffold_234201.1-11315, scaffold_173561.1-5671, scaffold_187047.1-4403	Eyun et al. (2016)
Xenarthra
Nine-banded armadillo	5	4		Scaffold_13715, scaffold_68458, scaffold_106240, scaffold_58549, scaffold_181544, scaffold_31645, scaffold_31595	Eyun et al. (2016)
Marsupialia
Opossum	22	4		2.405000001-410000000, chromosome 2	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hussain et al. (2009), Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016)
	22	3
	22	0
	19	0
Tammar wallaby	18	3	1	224424132, 2070LUS300020N02.g, 189272895, 2070LUS280371J18.b, 142869977, 222941615, 2070LUS280640F03.b, 2070LUS330332G15.g, scaffold386681:211:1254, scaffold101726:3050:4087, scaffold5372:18568:19389, scaffold5372:31430:32469, scaffold23666:6728:7759, scaffold25613:18010:19041, scaffold369370:5:625, scaffold361402:565:1491, scaffold64233:11843:12526, scaffold328269:964:1878, scaffold11217:21401:22444	Eyun et al. (2016)
Prototheria
Platypus	4	0		Nw_001794460.1	Vallender et al. (2010), Eyun et al. (2016)
	4	1
Sauropsida
American alligator	8	Not reported			Tessarolo et al. (2014)
Carolina anole	3	0		Contig_5904	Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	3	Not reported
	3	Not reported
Chicken	4	1		Chromosome 3	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Mueller et al. (2008), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	3	2
	3	0
	3	Not reported
Zebra finch	1	0		Chromosome 3	Eyun et al. (2016)
Amphibia
Western clawed frog	7	0		Scaffold_200, scaffold_172, scaffold_153, scaffold_62	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Syed et al. (2015), Eyun et al. (2016)
	6	1
	3	0
	5	Not reported
	6	Not reported
African clawed frog	3	Not reported			Syed et al. (2015)
Teleostei
Atlantic salmon	27	25		Ssa21, Ssa13, Ssa06, Ssa02, Ssa15, Ssa14, Ssa04, Ssa01	Tessarolo et al. (2014)
Amazon molly	2	Not reported			Gao et al. (2017)
Burton’s mouthbrooder	23	3		Scaffold_612, scaffold_128, scaffold_24, scaffold_2074, scaffold_2674, scaffold_1343, scaffold_2473, scaffold_1542, scaffold_802, scaffold_2902, scaffold_2545, scaffold_2406, scaffold_1575, scaffold_1303, scaffold_1185, scaffold_802, scaffold_479, scaffold_337, scaffold_2104, scaffold_4685	Azzouzi et al. (2015)
Cave fish	6	Not reported			Gao et al. (2017)
Channel catfish	28	8		Chromosome 2, chromosome 16	Gao et al. (2017)
Cod	3	Not reported			Gao et al. (2017)
European eel	13	Not reported			Churcher et al. (2015)
Japanese grenadier anchovy	32	Not reported			Zhu et al. (2017)
Japanese pufferfish (fugu)	18	1		Scaffold_144, scaffold_2286, scaffold_682, scaffold_2971, scaffold_347, scaffold_36, scaffold_3984, scaffold_5473, scaffold_55, scaffold_62, scaffold_7591, scaffold_3049, scaffold_510, scaffold_2618, scaffold_375	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hashiguchi et al. (2008), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	13	6
	18	0
	6	Not reported
	2	Not reported
Japanese rice fish (medaka)	27	7		Chromosome 2, chromosome 21, chromosome 24, scaffold_2442, scaffold_2165, scaffold_2246, scaffold_3620, scaffold_4535, scaffold_691	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hashiguchi et al. (2008), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Gao et al. (2017)
	25	7
	25	1
	6	Not reported
	2	Not reported
Makobe Island cichlid	18	3		Scaffold_133, scaffold_193, scaffold_490, scaffold_295, scaffold_238, scaffold_947, scaffold_857, scaffold_159, scaffold_1502, scaffold_2325, scaffold_1573, scaffold_698	Azzouzi et al. (2015)
Maylandia zebra	20	5		Scaffold00183, scaffold00006, scaffold00127, scaffold00676, scaffold00347, scaffold00068, scaffold02965, scaffold00108, scaffold02487, scaffold02369, scaffold02115, scaffold01981, scaffold00834, scaffold00561, scaffold00347, scaffold02144	Azzouzi et al. (2015)
Nile tilapia	44	8		Scaffold_195, scaffold_84, scaffold_005, scaffold_374, scaffold_16, scaffold_242, scaffold_183, scaffold_78	Azzouzi et al. (2015), Gao et al. (2017)
	2	Not reported
Platyfish	2	Not reported			Gao et al. (2017)
Princess cichlid	12	2		Scaffold_18, scaffold_25, scaffold_31, scaffold_166, scaffold_1763, scaffold_26, scaffold_160	Azzouzi et al. (2015)
Spotted gar	3	Not reported			Gao et al. (2017)
Spotted green pufferfish	34	3		Chromosomes 3–7, chromosomes 14–21, chrUN_random	Hashiguchi et al. (2008), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	12	4
	18	0
	17	Not reported
	11	Not reported
	2	Not reported
Three-spined stickleback	50	15		LG 9, LG 16, LG 18, scaffold_37, scaffold_160, scaffold_56	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hashiguchi et al. (2008), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Gao et al. (2017)
	49	15
	48	0
	5	Not reported
	2	Not reported
West Indian ocean coelacanth	18	Not reported			Tessarolo et al. (2014)
Zebrafish	110	10		Chromosome 1, chromosome 7, chromosome 10, chromosome 12, chromosome 13, chromosome 15, chromosome 20, Zv6_NA2102	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Hashiguchi et al. (2008), Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	109	10
	112	4
	102	Not reported
	94	Not reported
Chondrichthyes
Elephant shark	2	3		AAVX01005735.1, AAVX01475249.1, AAVX01045569.1, AAVX01508596.1, AAVX01365441.1	Hussain et al. (2009), Tessarolo et al. (2014), Eyun et al. (2016), Gao et al. (2017)
	2	0
	2	Not reported
Agnatha
Sea lamprey^{^a}	25	3		GL477485, GL477912, GL478144, GL478886, GL478986, GL478891, GL479321, GL479771, GL480074, GL480910, GL483319, GL483927, GL484453, GL486051, GL486090, GL490750	Hashiguchi and Nishida (2007), Libants et al. (2009), Eyun et al. (2016)
	21	17
	28	17
	27	Not reported

↵^a There is still some debate about whether lamprey contain TAAR, TAAR-like, or a completely separate family of receptors.