Alanine | Ethylamine | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | |
Arginine | Agmatine | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | TAAR13d, TAAR13e, and TAAR14d agonist | Putative neurotransmitter. Regulates various neurotransmitter receptors, regulates ion channels, inhibits nitric oxide synthase, downregulates matrix metalloproteases, prevents advanced glycation end product formation, and activates NADPH oxidase |
| | Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) | | |
Asparagine | 3-aminopropanamide | No | | |
Aspartic acid | 3-amino propanoic acid (β-alanine) | Aspartate 1-decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.11) | | Precursor for carnosine. Possible precursor for pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). Agonist at glycine receptors |
| | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | |
| | Glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) | | |
| | Tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) | | |
Cysteine | Cysteamine | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | Precursor of homotaurine. Treatment of cystinosis |
Glutamic acid | GABA | Glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) | No | Neurotransmitter |
| | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | |
| | Tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) | | |
Glutamine | 4-aminobutanamide (GABamide) | No | | GABA uptake inhibitor. Putative epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist |
Glycine | Methylamine | No | | Implicated in cardiovascular complications of diabetes |
Histidine | Histamine | Histidine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.22) | TAAR13a and TAAR13d agonist | Neurotransmitter. Paracrine hormone |
| | AADC (EC 4.1.1.28) | | |
| | Phenylalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.53) | | |
Isoleucine | 2-methyl-1-butylamine | Methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.57) | Putative ligand at TAAR1 and TAAR3a | Food additive |
| | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | |
Leucine | Isoamylamine (3-methyl-1-butylamine; isopentylamine) | Methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.57) | TAAR3, TAAR12h, and TAAR16f agonist | See text for details |
| | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | |
Lysine | Cadaverine | Lysine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.18) | TAAR13c and 13d agonist. Agonist at unidentified rat TAARs | See text for details |
| | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | |
| | Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) | | |
Methionine | 3-methylthiopropylamine | Methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.57) | | Interacts with enzymes in polyamine metabolism |
| | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | |
Ornithine | Putrescine | Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) | TAAR13d agonist | Spermine/spermidine precursor |
| | Lysine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.18) | | |
| | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | |
Phenylalanine | PEA | AADC (EC 4.1.1.28) | TAAR1, TAAR4, and TAAR12h agonist | See text for details |
| | Phenylalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.53) | | |
| | Tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) | | |
| | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | |
| | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | |
Proline | Pyrrolidine | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | Fish attractantb |
Serine | Ethanolamine | Arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19) | | Membrane phospholipid head group. Sclerosing agent |
Threonine | 1-aminopropan-2-ol (isopropanolamine) | No | | Present in salivac |
Tryptophan | TRP | AADC (EC 4.1.1.28) | TAAR1 and TAAR10b agonist | See text for details |
| | Phenylalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.53) | | |
Tyrosine | TYR | AADC (EC 4.1.1.28) | TAAR1 and TAAR4 agonist | See text for details |
| | Tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) | | |
| | Phenylalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.53) | | |
Valine | Isobutylamine (2-methyl-1-propylamine) | Valine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.14) | | Found in various foodstuffs. Activates olfactory/vomeronasal organ. Putative puberty-accelerating pheromone |
| | Methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.57) | | |