TABLE 1

NOX isoforms: function and potential pathologic role

Functional NOX	Loss of Function	Potential Role of Excessive Activity in Disease
NOX1	Increased susceptibility for inflammatory bowel disease (NOX1)	Ischemic retinal diseases; atherosclerosis
NOX2	Chronic granulomatous disease (NOX2, CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, and NCF4), increased incidence of lupus (NOX2, NCF1)	Metastasis, acute lung inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer and Parkinson disease); pancreatitis
NOX3	Not described in humans., balance defects due to lack of otoconia in rodents (CYBA, NOXO1, and NOX3)	Hearing loss
NOX4	Not described in humans, no phenotype in mouse knockouts	Stroke, diabetic nephropathy
NOX5	Not described in humans, no animal knockouts, not expressed in rodents	Cardiovascular disease
DUOX1	Not described in humans, no phenotype in mouse knockouts	Thyroid cancer
DUOX2, DUOXA2	Hypothyroidism (DUOX2, DUOXA2), increased susceptibility for inflammatory bowel disease (DUOX2).	Cancer