Ontogeny profile of hepatic CYP enzymes in domestic pig based on metabolic activity, protein expression, and mRNA expression levels
Percentages represent expression/activity relative to adult levels.
| Onset of Activity and/or Expression | Adult Levels Reached | Age-Related Changes in Activity/Expression | Comments | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CYP1A2 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (5.4%); F: 2 days (2.2%) | NR (180 days) | M: increased rapidly; F: increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2A19 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (11%); F: 2 days (2.3%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2B22 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (8.6%); F: 2 days (10%) | 180 days | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C | ||||||
| Catalytic activity | M: 2 days (14%); F: 2 days (45%) | M: NR; F: 56 days | M: increased progressively; F: increased rapidly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Substrate: Tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation. Methods: PLM. Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C33 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (8.6%); F: 2 days (10%) | 180 days | Increased progressively | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C34 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (38%); F: 2 days (30%) | M: NR (210% at 28 days); F: NR (165% at 28 days) | Increased rapidly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C35 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (30%); F: 2 days (24%) | M: NR (155% at 28 days); F: NR (129% at 28 days) | Increased rapidly/inconsistent pattern | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C36 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (9%); F: 2 days (58%) | M: NR (180 days); F: 28 days | M: increased slowly; F: increased rapidly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2C49 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (12%); F: 2 days (10%) | 28 days | Increased rapidly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2D6 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (6%); F: 2 days (5%) | NR (180 days) | Increased rapidly/increased progressively | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2E | ||||||
| Catalytic activity | M: 2 days (49%); F: 2 days (78%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly/no changes | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Substrate: Chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation. Methods: PLM. Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP2E1 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (108%); F: 2 days (31%) | M: 2 days; F: NR (180 days) | M: no changes; F: increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP3A | ||||||
| Catalytic activity | M: 2 days (13%); F: 2 days (8%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Substrate: Midazolam 1-hydroxylation. Methods: PLM. Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP3A22 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (35%); F: 2 days (20%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP3A46 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (2.3%); F: 2 days (2.9%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP4A21 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (16%); F: 2 days (17%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F). Matrix: PLM | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP4A24 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (44%); F: 2 days (60%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP20A1 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (60%); F: 2 days (45%) | NR (180 days) | Increased slowly/no changes | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
| CYP51A1 | ||||||
| Protein expression | M: 2 days (26%); F: 2 days (17%) | 1 NR (180 days) | Increased slowly | Single study, sparse data. Adult age: 180 days. Fetal development: NR. Methods: LC-MS/MS (PLM). Strain: Seghers hybrid (M/F) | Millecam et al. (2018) | |
F, female; M, male; NR, not reported; PLM, pig liver microsome.