TABLE 5

Changes in AMPAR expression

Studies and experiments that did not identify an effect are not summarized in this table; please refer to the text for these details.

CompoundEffective Dose/ConcentrationTimingEffectSystemReferences
(2R,6R)-HNK10 mg/kg, i.p.24 h post-treatmentIncreased GluA1 protein expressionMouse hippocampusZanos et al. (2016)
Increased GluA2 protein expression
1–10 µM90-min exposureIncreased GluA1 surface protein expressionRat primary neuronsShaffer et al., (2019)
0.1–10 µM180-min exposure
200–400 nM24-h exposureIncreased GluA1 mRNA expressionU251-MG human glioblastoma cellsHo et al. (2018)
400 nMIncreased GluA2 mRNA expression
400 nMIncreased GluA4 mRNA expression
400 nM24-h exposureIncreased GluA4 mRNA expressionHuman iPSC-derived astrocytesHo et al. (2018)
(2S,6S)-HNK200–400 nM24-h exposureIncreased GluA1 mRNA expressionU251-MG human glioblastoma cellsHo et al. (2018)
400 nMIncreased GluA2 mRNA expression
400 nMIncreased GluA4 mRNA expression
400 nM24-h exposureIncreased GluA1 mRNA expressionHuman iPSC-derived astrocytesHo et al. (2018)
400 nMIncreased GluA2 mRNA expression
400 nMIncreased GluA4 mRNA expression