Products, inhalers, and characteristics of inhaled glucocorticoids
| Active Ingredient | Indication | Inhaler | Dose | Pharmacological Profile | Clinical Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beclomethasone dipropionate | First-line chronic use in the prevention of asthma symptoms and exacerbationsSecond-line chronic use in COPD prevention of symptoms and exacerbations | pMDI | 40-80 µg/puff; 2 to 4 puffs BID; 320 µg BID maximum | Prodrug converted to beclomethasone monobromination Binds to the NR3C1 receptor to alter protein synthesis to reduce inflammation | For chronic use not for acute relief of symptoms |
| Budesonide | Ditto | DPI | 90/180/200 µg/ puff; 1 to2 puffs BID; | Binds to the NR3C1 receptor to alter protein | For chronic use not for |
| Nebulizer | 1200 µg BID maximum 0.25–1 mg BID | synthesis to reduce inflammation | Acute relief of symptoms can be given in higher numbers of puffs for initial dosing | ||
| Ciclesonide | Ditto | pMDI | 80/160 µg/puff BID 320 µg maximum | Ditto | Ditto |
| Flunisolide | Ditto | pMDI | 80/250 µg/puff BID 320 µg maximum | Ditto | Ditto |
| Fluticasone furoate | Ditto | DPI | 100/200 µg o.d. 200 µg maximum | Ditto | Ditto |
| Fluticasone propionate | Ditto | pMDI DPI | 44/110/220 µg/puff BID; | Ditto | Ditto |
| 880 µg BID maximum 50/100/250 µg; 1000 µg maximum | |||||
| Mometasone furoate | Ditto | pMDI DPI | 50/100/200 µg/puff BID; 400 µg BID maximum 110/220 µg BID; 440 µg BID maximum | Ditto | Ditto |