Cathepsin B Knockout Improves Behavioral Deficits in Animal Models of Neurologic Disorders
Neurologic Disease Mouse Model, Age, Sex | Cathepsin B Knockout in the Neurologic Disease Model Improves Outcomes | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Behaviors | Cell Pathology | Biomarkers | ||
Traumatic brain injury: controlled cortical impact mouse model, 15–28 weeks old, male | ↓Neuromotor deficits | ↓Brain tissue loss, ↓cell death in hippocampus | ↓Proapoptotic Bax | Hook et al., 2014a |
Hypoxia-ischemia: neonatal HI mouse model, neonatal, sex not specified | nd | ↓Cell death in hippocampus, ↓neuroinflammation | ↓NF-κB to reduce inflammatory cytokines | Ni et al., 2015 |
Epilepsy: EPM1, cystatin B KO mouse model, 2, 4, and 8 months old, sex not specified | No effect on seizures | ↓Cell death in neuronal granule cells | nd | Houseweart et al., 2003 |
Multiple sclerosis: EAE mouse model, 8–10 weeks old, female | ↑Clinical score, ↑ time of disease onset | ↓Infiltrating immunologic cells, ↓antigen presentation | nd | Allan and Yates, 2015 |
Inflammatory pain: CFA model, 5 weeks old, male | ↓Allodynia behavioral test for pain | ↓Microglia cell size morphology, ↓decreased microglia extensions | Blockade of CFA-induced increase in IL-1β, IL-18, and COX-2 | Sun et al., 2012 |
Tolerance to opioid: chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance, 10 weeks old, male | Prevents opiate tolerance, ↓pain assessed by thermal hot plate test | ↓Elevation in excitatory postsynaptic potential | ↓Glutamate release from spinal neurons | Hayashi et al., 2014 |
nd, not determined.