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Heparanase pp 759–770Cite as

Heparanase, Heparan Sulfate and Viral Infection

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1221))

Abstract

The story of heparanase (HPSE) in viral infection has roots in the longstanding connection between heparan sulfate (HS) and a large number of viruses. As a major viral attachment and entry receptor present on the cell surface, HS serves as the first point of contact between a virus particle and its target host cell. Likewise, direct regulation of HS levels on the cell surface by HPSE enzymatic activity dictates the extent of virus release after replication has occurred. Additionally, virus-induced HPSE activation and nuclear translocation results in higher expression of pro-inflammatory factors and delayed wound healing leading to worsened disease. In this chapter, using herpes simplex virus (HSV) as a prototype virus we provide a brief synopsis of important stages in viral infection, describe how these processes are governed by HS and HPSE, and discuss the recent discoveries that designate HPSE as a major host virulence factor and driver of pathogenesis for several different viruses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ocular Virology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alex Agelidis & Deepak Shukla

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, E-704 Medical Sciences Building, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alex Agelidis & Deepak Shukla

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  1. Alex Agelidis
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  2. Deepak Shukla
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Correspondence to Deepak Shukla .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC) Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Haifa, Israel

    Israel Vlodavsky

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Ralph D. Sanderson

  3. Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC) Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Haifa, Israel

    Neta Ilan

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Agelidis, A., Shukla, D. (2020). Heparanase, Heparan Sulfate and Viral Infection. In: Vlodavsky, I., Sanderson, R., Ilan, N. (eds) Heparanase. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1221. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_32

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