In this short review, we summarize our work on the role of members of the FXYD protein family as tissue-specific modulators of Na, K-ATPase. FXYD1 or phospholemman, mainly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle increases the apparent affinity for intracellular Na+ of Na, K-ATPase and may thus be important for appropriate muscle contractility. FXYD2 or γ subunit and FXYD4 or CHIF modulate the apparent affinity for Na+ of Na, K-ATPase in an opposite way, adapted to the physiological needs of Na+ reabsorption in different segments of the renal tubule. FXYD3 expressed in stomach, colon, and numerous tumors also modulates the transport properties of Na, K-ATPase but it has a lower specificity of association than other FXYD proteins and an unusual membrane topology. Finally, FXYD7 is exclusively expressed in the brain and decreases the apparent affinity for extracellular K+, which may be essential for proper neuronal excitability.
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Geering, K. Function of FXYD Proteins, Regulators of Na, K-ATPase. J Bioenerg Biomembr 37, 387–392 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-005-9476-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-005-9476-x