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2022, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryMu Opioid Receptor Agonist DAMGO Produces Place Conditioning, Abstinence-induced Withdrawal, and Naltrexone-Dependent Locomotor Activation in Planarians
2018, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Consistent with a previous report testing effects of DAMGO and the opioid antagonist naloxone (Passarelli et al., 1999) in planarians, neither DAMGO nor NTX caused stereotyped motor behaviors such as C-shapes or screw-like hyperkinesias. DAMGO, as well as the closely related analog DAGO, consistently produce locomotor activation following acute exposure in mice (Mickley et al., 1990; Michael-Titus et al., 1989) and rats (Locke and Holtzman, 1986; Vezina et al., 1987; Shim et al., 2014). Morphine, in contrast, produces complex effects on locomotor activity in rodents that are species- and dose-dependent, as well as bimodal in some cases, with low doses that are more selective for mu opioid receptors often enhancing locomotor activation and higher doses that also activate kappa and delta opioid receptors reducing locomotor activity (Brady and Holtzman, 1981; Murphy et al., 2001).
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2014, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :The process of sensitization has been well characterized in the context of psychomotor stimulants (Dougherty and Ellinwood, 1981), and is also observed with opiates (Babbini et al., 1975; Kornetsky, 2004). The VTA is required for the induction of behavioral sensitization to both opiates and psychomotor stimulants (Joyce and Iversen, 1979; Vezina et al., 1987; Vezina and Stewart, 1990). Chronic BDNF infusions into the NAc or VTA enhance the initial psychomotor effects of cocaine, facilitate the development of cocaine-induced sensitization and induce long-lasting increases in reinforcing efficacy that can be observed more than one month after the cessation of BDNF infusions (Table 2; Horger et al., 1999).