Impairment of acquisition of cocaine self-administration in rats maintained on a high-fat diet
Section snippets
Animals
The studies were approved by the Texas A&M University Laboratory Animal Care Committee. The subjects were adult male Sprague Dawley rats (Harlan Industries: Houston, TX) weighing approximately 285–325 g at the beginning of the study. The rats were single-housed in plastic hanging cages in a colony room maintained at 22.0 ± 1 °C under a 12-h light/dark cycle (lights on at 1200 h) and fed standard chow pellets (or a high-fat test diet) and tap water ad libitum, except when noted below. Rats were
Results
Rats fed a chow-pellet diet or a high-fat diet for 45 days showed variable degrees of weight gain (see Fig. 1). Comparison of average weight gains indicated that the HIGH-FAT rats gained significantly more body weight than did the chow-fed rats during the 45-day exposure period (p < 0.04). In this figure, the weight gains are displayed separately for rats fed the chow diet that either acquired (ACQ-CHOW) or did not acquire cocaine self-administration (NO ACQ CHOW) and for rats fed the high-fat
Conclusions
In the present experiment, rats fed a standard pellet diet showed gradual acquisition of i.v. cocaine self-administration such that 42% of the rats met the acquisition criterion by day 25. This pattern of acquisition is similar to that noted in a chow-fed control group in a recent report from this laboratory (Rocha et al., 2005). In contrast, rats fed a high-fat diet showed diminished acquisition of cocaine self-administration. One explanation for this effect is that maintenance on a high-fat
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by Public Health Service Grants DA13188 and MH65728 to JRN and DA017230 to PJW. We would like to express our gratitude to John Saglime and Leslie Brush for their expert technical assistance in the conduct of the investigation.
References (28)
- et al.
Response of growth-retarded, hypophagic–hypodipsic rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions to a diet in liquid and powder forms
J Nutr
(1981) - et al.
Correlation between anorectic potency and affinity for hypothalamic (+)-amphetamine binding sites of phenylethylamines
Eur J Pharmacol
(1987) - et al.
The influence of different fats and fatty acids on obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation
J Nutr
(2002) Augmentation of drug reward by chronic food restriction: behavioral evidence and underlying mechanisms
Physiol Behav
(2002)- et al.
The role of weight control as a motivation for cocaine abuse
Addict Behav
(1998) Binge-type eating induced by limited access in rats does not require energy restriction on the previous day
Appetite
(2004)- et al.
Intake of dietary sucrose or fat reduces amphetamine drinking in rats
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
(1996) Metabolic imprinting on genetically predisposed neural circuits perpetuates obesity
Nutrition
(2000)- et al.
The relationship between food reward and satiation revisited
Physiol Behav
(2004) - et al.
Two effects of high-fat diets on the satiating potency of cholecystokinin-8
Physiol Behav
(2003)
Meal patterns and body weight after nicotine in male rats as a function of chow or high-fat diet
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
Nutrient requirements of laboratory animals
Food-deprivation increases cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and locomotor activity in rats
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
Effects of sex and gonadectomy on cocaine metabolism in the rat
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
Cited by (68)
Changes in reward-induced neural activity upon Cafeteria Diet consumption
2024, Physiology and BehaviorConverging vulnerability factors for compulsive food and drug use
2021, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :For example, food restriction (i.e., access to a restricted amount of food, such that weight loss is promoted) enhances sensitivity of rodents to drugs of abuse (Carroll et al., 1979; Branch et al., 2013; de la Garza et al., 1981; Deroche et al., 1993; Stamp et al., 2008; Carroll and Meisch, 1984; Carroll 1985; Shalev et al., 2000, 2003) and other drugs that act on dopamine systems (Carr et al., 2003; Collins et al., 2008). Further, rats eating a high fat or high sugar diet are also more sensitive to some of the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse, including cocaine (Baladi et al., 2012; Blanco-Gandia et a., 2017a; 2017b; 2018; Clasen et al., 2020; Gosnell 2004; Serafine et al., 2015a; Serafine et al., 2015b; Puhl et al., 2011; though see also Wellman et al., 2007), amphetamine (Avena and Hoebel, 2003; Robinson et al., 2015; Fordahl et al., 2016; though see also Davis et al., 2008), methamphetamine (McGuire et al., 2011; Ramos et al., 2020), alcohol (Avena et al., 2004) and nicotine (Richardson et al., 2014, 2020). In some reports, the term “cross-sensitization” is used to describe that a prior history with highly palatable foods can increase sensitivity to the behavioral effects of drug of abuse upon subsequent exposure (Avena and Hoebel, 2003; Avena et al., 2004; see Avena et al., 2008 for a review) and in some cases, vice versa (Avena and Hoebel, 2003; Barson et al., 2009; see also Karatayev et al., 2009).
A high fat western diet attenuates phasic dopamine release
2021, Neuroscience LettersToward isolating reward changes in diet-induced obesity: A demand analysis
2020, Physiology and BehaviorBehavioral profile of intermittent vs continuous access to a high fat diet during adolescence
2019, Behavioural Brain Research