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β Subunits of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels

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Abstract

Calcium channel β subunits have marked effects on the trafficking and on several of the biophysical properties of all high voltage activated calcium channels. In this article I shall review information on the different genes, on the structure of the β subunits, and on their differential expression and post-translational modification. Their role in trafficking and assembly of the calcium channel heteromultimer will be described, and I will then review their effects on voltage-dependent and kinetic properties, stressing the differences between palmitoylated β2a and the other β subunits. Evidence for effects on calcium channel pharmacology will also be examined. I shall discuss the hypothesis that β subunits can bind reversibly to calcium channels, and examine their role in the G protein modulation of calcium channels. Finally, I shall describe the consequences of knock-out of different β subunit genes, and describe evidence for the involvement of β subunits in disease.

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Dolphin, A.C. β Subunits of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels. J Bioenerg Biomembr 35, 599–620 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBB.0000008026.37790.5a

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