Skip to main content
Log in

Mutations in human gonadotropin and gonadotropin-receptor genes

  • Published:
Endocrine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This short review provides an update on the new information that has become available in the recent years about mutations and polymorphisms in the genes for gonadotropins and their receptors. Combining the types and locations of the mutations, their phenotypic effects, and the recently emerged information about the crystal structure of these molecules is providing us with increasingly detailed picture about the structurefunction relationships of gonadotropin action.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Themmen, A. P. N. and Huhtaniemi, I. (2000). Endocr. Rev. 21, 551–583.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Valdes-Socin, H., Salvi, R., Daly, A. F., et al. (2004). N. Engl. J. Med. 351, 2619–2625.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Layman, L. C., Porto, A. L., Xie, J., et al. (2002). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 3702–3707.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Fox, K. M., Dias, J. A., and Van Roey, P. (2001). Mol. Endocrinol. 15, 378–389.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Lapthorn, A. J., Harris, D. C., Littlejohn, A., et al. (1994). Nature 369, 455–461.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ascoli, M., Fanelli, F., and Segaloff, D. L. (2002). Endocr. Rev. 23, 141–174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dias, J. A. and Van Roey, P. (2001). Arch. Med. Res. 32, 510–519.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Szkudlinski, M. W., Fremont, V., Ronin, C., and Weintraub, B. D. (2002). Physiol. Rev. 82, 473–502.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Palczewski, K., Kumasaka, T., Hori, T., et al. (2000). Science 289, 739–745.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Braun, T., Schofield, P. R., and Sprengel, R. (1991). EMBO J. 10, 1885–1890.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cornelis, S., Uttenweiler-Joseph, S., Panneels, V., Vassart, G., and Costagliola, S. (2001). Biochemistry 40, 9860–9869.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Remy, J. J., Nespoulous, C., Grosclaude, J., et al. (2001). J. Biol. Chem. 276, 1681–1687.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kobe, B. and Kajava, A. V. (2001). Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 11, 725–732.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kobe, B. and Deisenhofer, J. (1993). Nature 366, 751–756.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kajava, A. V., Vassart, G., and Wodak, S. J. (1995). Structure 3, 867–877.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jiang, X., Dreano, M., Buckler, D. R., et al. (1995). Structure 3, 1341–1353.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bhowmick, N., Huang, J., Puett, D., Isaacs, N. W., and Lapthorn, A. J. (1996). Mol. Endocrinol. 10, 1147–1159.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Fan, Q. R. and Hendrickson, W. A. (2005). Nature 433, 269–277.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Weiss, J., Axelrod, L., Whitcomb, R. W., Harris, P. E., Crowley, W. F., and Jameson, J. L. (1992). N. Engl. J. Med. 326, 179–183.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Petterson, K., Makela, M. M., Dahlén, P., Lamminen, T., Huoponen, K., and Huhtaniemi, I. (1994). Eur. J. Endocrinol. 130(Suppl. 2), 65.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Furui, K., Suganuma, N., Tsukahara, S., et al. (1994). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78, 107–113.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Roy, A. C., Liao, W. X., Chen, Y., Arulkumaran, S., and Ratnam, S. S. (1996). Mol. Cell Biochem. 165, 151–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Jiang, M., Lamminen, T., Pakarinen, P., et al. (2002). Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8, 201–212.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Pettersson, K., Ding, Y. Q., and Huhtaniemi, I. (1992). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74, 164–171.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Takahashi, K., Ozaki, T., Kanasaki, H., and Miyazaki, K. (2001). Horm. Res. 55, 258–263.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Okuno, A., Komori, S., Sakata, K., et al. (2001). Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 265, 148–150.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Takahashi, K., Kurioka, H., Kanasaki, H., Okada, M., Ozaki, T., and Miyazaki, K. (2000). Int. J. Fertil. Womens Med. 45, 327–334.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Lee, S., Kim, N. K., Kim, H. J., Lee, S. H., Jeong, H. J., and Cha, K. Y. (2003). Fertil. Steril. 79, 517–521.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ramanujam, L. N., Liao, W. X., Roy, A. C., and Ng, S. C. (2000). Hum. Reprod. 15, 925–928.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Cramer, D. W., Petterson, K. S., Barbieri, R. L., and Huhtaniemi, I. T. (2000). Hum. Reprod. 15, 2103–2107.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Powell, B. L., Piersma, D., Kevenaar, M. E., et al. (2003). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 1653–1657.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Takahashi, K., Kurioka, H., Ozaki, T., Kanasaki, H., Miyazaki, K., and Karino, K. (2000). Eur. J. Endocrinol. 143, 375–381.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Manna, P. R., Joshi, L., Reinhold, V. N., et al. (2002). Hum. Mol. Genet. 11, 301–315.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Lamminen, T., Jiang, M., Manna, P. R., et al. (2002). Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8, 887–892.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kim, N. K., Nam, Y. S., Ko, J. J., Chung, H. M., Chung, K. W., and Cha, K. Y. (2001). Fertil. Steril. 75, 1238–1239.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Miller-Lindholm, A. K., Bedows, E., Bartels, C. F., Ramey, J., Maclin, V., and Ruddon, R. W. (1999). Endocrinology 140, 3496–3506.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Jiang, M., Savontaus, M. L., Simonsen, H., et al. (2004). Mol. Hum. Reprod. 10, 763–766.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Latronico, A. C., Shinozaki, H., Guerra, G. Jr., et al. (2000). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 4799–4805.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Liu, G., Duranteau, L., Carel, J. C., Monroe, J., Doyle, D. A., and Shenker, A. (1999). N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 1731–1736.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Richter-Unruh, A., Wessels, H. T., Menken, U., et al. (2002). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 1052–1056.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Canto, P., Soderlund, D., Ramon, G., Nishimura, E., and Mendez, J. P. (2002). Am. J. Med. Genet. 108, 148–152.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Giacaglia, L. R., Kohek, M. B. d. F., Carvalho, F. M., Fragoso, M. C., Mendonca, B., and Latronico, A. C. (2000). Fertil. Steril. 74, 992–995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Vieira, T. C., Cerutti, J. M., Dias da Silva, M. R., Delcelo, R., and Abucham, J. (2002). J. Endocrinol. Invest. 25, 598–602.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Ignacak, M., Starzyk, J., Dziatkowiak, H., and Trzeciak, W. H. (2002). J. Endocrinol. Invest. 25, 259–263.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Ignacak, M., Hilczer, M., Zarzycki, J., and Trzeciak, W. H. (2000). Endocr. J. 47, 595–599.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Evans, B. A., Bowen, D. J., Smith, P. J., Clayton, P. E., and Gregory, J. W. (1996). J. Med. Genet. 33, 143–147.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Richter-Unruh, A., Korsch, E., Hiort, O., Holterhus, P. M., Themmen, A. P., and Wudy, S. A. (2005). Eur. J. Endocrinol. 152, 255–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Richter-Unruh, A., Verhoef-Post, M., Malak, S., Homoki, J., Hauffa, B. P., and Themmen, A. P. (2004). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 5161–5167.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Martens, J. W., Lumbroso, S., Verhoef-Post, M., et al. (2002). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 2506–2513.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Leung, M. Y., Al-Muslim, O., Wu, S. M., et al. (2004). Am. J. Med. Genet. 130A, 146–153.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Salameh, W., Choucair, M., Guo, T. B., et al. (2005). Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 229, 57–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Gromoll, J., Schulz, A., Borta, H., et al. (2002). Eur. J. Endocrinol. 147, 597–608.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Aittomäki, K., Dieguez Lucena, J. L., Pakarinen, P., et al. (1995). Cell 82, 959–968.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Rannikko, A., Pakarinen, P., Manna, P. R., et al. (2002). Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8, 311–317.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Gromoll, J., Simoni, M., Nordhoff, V., Behre, H. M., De Geyter, C., and Nieschlag, E. (1996). Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 125, 177–182.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Gromoll, J., Gudermann, T., Greshniok, A., Nieschlag, E., and Seif, F. J. (1999). Exp. Clinic. Endocrin. Diab. 107(Suppl. 1), 10, v005.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Muller, T., Gromoll, J., and Simoni, M. (2003). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 2242–2249.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Zhang, F. P., Rannikko, A. S., Manna, P. R., Fraser, H. M., and Huhtaniemi, I. T. (1997). Endocrinology 138, 2481–2490.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Muller, T., Simoni, M., Pekel, E., et al. (2004). J. Mol. Endocrinol. 32, 115–128.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Richter-Unruh, A., Martens, J. W., Verhoef-Post, M., et al. (2002). Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 56, 103–112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Gromoll, J., Eiholzer, U., Nieschlag, E., and Simoni, M. (2000). J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab. 85, 2281–2286.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Rodien, P., Cetani, F., Costagliola, S., et al. (1998). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83, 4431–4434.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Guo, S., Russo, I. H., Lareef, M. H., and Russo, J. (2004). Int. J. Oncol. 24, 399–407.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Matthews, C. H., Borgato, S., Beck-Peccoz, P., et al. (1993). Nat. Genet. 5, 83–86.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Phillip, M., Arbelle, J. E., Segev, Y., and Parvari, R. (1998). N. Engl. J. Med. 338, 1729–1732.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Lindstedt, G., Nyström, E., Matthews, C., Ernest, I., Janson, P. O., and Chatterjee, K. (1998). Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 36, 663–665.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Gromoll, J., Simoni, M., and Nieschlag, E. (1996). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81, 1367–1370.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Tao, Y. X., Abell, A. N., Liu, X., Nakamura, K., and Segaloff, D. L. (2000). Mol. Endocrinol. 14, 1272–1282.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Sundblad, V., Chiauzzi, V. A., Escobar, M. E., Dain, L., and Charreau, E. H. (2004). Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 222, 53–59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. de la Chesnaye, E., Canto, P., Ulloa-Aguirre, A., and Mendez, J. P. (2001). Am. J. Med. Genet. 98, 125–128.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Montgomery, G. W., Duffy, D. L., Hall, J., et al. (2000). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 3391–3395.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Tong, Y., Liao, W. X., Roy, A. C., and Ng, S. C. (2001). Horm. Metab. Res. 33, 221–226.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Takakura, K., Takebayashi, K., Wang, H. Q., Kimura, F., Kasahara, K., and Noda, Y. (2001). Fertil. Steril. 75, 207–209.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Vasseur, C., Rodien, P., Beau, I., et al. (2003). N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 753–759.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Smits, G., Olatunbosun, O., Delbaere, A., Pierson, R., Vassart, G., and Costagliola, S. (2003). N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 760–766.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kaiser, U. B. (2003). N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 729–732.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Montanelli, L., Delbaere, A., Di Carlo, C., Nappi, C., Smits, G., Vassart, G., and Costagliola, S. (2004). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 1255–1258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Vlaeminck-Guillem, V., Ho, S. C., Rodien, P., Vassart, G., and Costagliola, S. (2002). Mol. Endocrinol. 16, 736–746.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Delbaere, A., Smits, G., Olatunbosun, O., Pierson, R., Vassart, G., and Costagliola, S. (2004). Hum. Reprod. 19, 486–489.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Norio, R. (2003). Hum. Genet. 112, 441–456.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Vaskivuo, T. E., Aittomäki, K., Anttonen, M., et al. (2002). Fertil. Steril. 78, 108–113.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Touraine, P., Beau, I., Gougeon, A., et al. (1999). Mol. Endocrinol. 13, 1844–1854.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Beau, I., Touraine, P., Meduri, G., et al. (1998). J. Clin. Invest. 102, 1352–1359.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tapanainen, J. S., Aittomäki, K., Min, J., Vaskivuo, T., and Huhtaniemi, I. T. (1997). Nat. Genet. 15, 205–206.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Doherty, E., Pakarinen, P., Tiitinen, A., et al. (2002). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 1151–1155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Meduri, G., Touraine, P., Beau, I., et al. (2003). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 3491–3498.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Allen, L. A., Achermann, J. C., Pakarinen, P., et al. (2003). Hum. Reprod. 18, 251–256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Simoni, M., Nieschlag, E., and Gromoll, J. (2002). Hum. Reprod. Update 8, 413–421.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Perez Mayorga, M., Gromoll, J., Behre, H. M., Gassner, C., Nieschlag, E., and Simoni, M. (2000). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 3365–3369.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Sudo, S., Kudo, M., Wada, S., Sato, O., Hsueh, A. J., and Fujimoto, S. (2002). Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8, 893–899.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. de Castro, F., Ruiz, R., Montoro, L., et al. (2003). Fertil. Steril. 80, 571–576.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. de Castro, F., Moron, F. J., Montoro, L., et al. (2004). Pharmacogenetics 14, 285–293.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Daelemans, C., Smits, G., de Maertelaer, V., et al. (2004). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 6310–6315.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Laven, J. S., Mulders, A. G., Suryandari, D. A., et al. (2003). Fertil. Steril. 80, 986–992.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Conway, G. S., Conway, E., Walker, C., Hoppner, W., Gromoll, J., and Simoni, M. (1999). Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 51, 97–99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Hasbargen, U., Thaler, C. J., Ruebsamen, H., Fuchshuber, S., and Lohse, P. (2001). Eur. J. Med. Res. 6, 315–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Asatiani, K., Gromoll, J., Eckardstein, S. V., Zitzmann, M., Nieschlag, E., and Simoni, M. (2002). Andrologia 34, 172–176.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Simoni, M., Gromoll, J., Hoppner, W., et al. (1999). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84, 751–755.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. T. Huhtaniemi MD, PhD.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Huhtaniemi, I.T., Themmen, A.P.N. Mutations in human gonadotropin and gonadotropin-receptor genes. Endocr 26, 207–217 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:26:3:207

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:26:3:207

Key Words

Navigation