Pharmacogenetic research into neurotransmitter-related genes is helping to unravel genetic factors that determine antipsychotic response. Several genetic mutations in neurotransmitter receptors targeted by antipsychotic drugs have been found to be related to clinical response. Modern molecular genetic techniques will facilitate the identification of those mutations that determine treatment response. Future psychiatric prescription will include the genetic characterization of neurotransmitter receptors for the selection of the most beneficial drug according to the individual's pharmacogenetic profile.