Abstract
Multiple forms of cAMP phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenylate cyclase and protein kinase A (PKA) allow cells to tailor the responsiveness of the cAMP-signalling system and to allow for its dynamic adjustment. Multiple forms of these enzymes confer spatial and temporal characteristics on cAMP signalling so as to affect compartmentalised responses within a single cell type. The ability to breach the PKA activation threshold can depend upon either or both the activation of adenylate cyclase and inhibition of specific PDE isoforms.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / chemistry
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3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / metabolism*
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Adenylyl Cyclases / chemistry
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Adenylyl Cyclases / metabolism*
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Animals
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Calcium / pharmacology
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Cyclic AMP / metabolism*
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / chemistry
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism*
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Cyclic GMP / metabolism
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GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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GTP-Binding Proteins / physiology
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Isoenzymes / chemistry
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Isoenzymes / metabolism
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Models, Molecular
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Phosphorylation
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Signal Transduction / physiology*
Substances
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Isoenzymes
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Cyclic AMP
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
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3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases
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GTP-Binding Proteins
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Adenylyl Cyclases
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Cyclic GMP
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Calcium